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INDONESIA
JURNAL BIOMEDIK
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : 20859481     EISSN : 2597999X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions
JURNAL BIOMEDIK adalah JURNAL ILMIAH KEDOKTERAN yang diterbitkan tiga kali setahun pada bulan Maret, Juli, November. Tulisan yang dimuat dapat berupa artikel telaah (review article), hasil penelitian, dan laporan kasus dalam bidang ilmu kedokteran..
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 3 (2017): JURNAL BIOMEDIK : JBM" : 10 Documents clear
Pustulosis Eksantema Generalisata Akut Susanti, Ratna I.; Mamuaja, Enricco H.; Niode, Nurdjannah J.
Jurnal Biomedik : JBM Vol 9, No 3 (2017): JURNAL BIOMEDIK : JBM
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/jbm.9.3.2017.17339

Abstract

Abstract: Acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a variant of severe drug allergic eruption that usually occurs very acutely (one day after antibiotic consumption, with a mean of 11 days in other cases), associated with fever. Early lesions are edematous and erythemaous patches followed by nonfollicular pustules. Laboratory examination showed leukocytosis dominated by neutrophils, occasionally by eosinophils. We reported a female of 64 years old with AGEP in the arms, neck, chest, back, and thighs that occurred one day after consumption of a decongestant drug, that became worsened with the eruption of pustules associated with fever one day after consumption of tetracycline, paracetamol, and diphenhydramine. Dermatological status showed nonfollicular pustules on erythematous skin, either discrete or confluenced. Gram examination of the pustules revealed PMN leucocytes. Routine blood examination showed leukocytosis 20,200/mm3. Blood smear showed eosinophil 0%, basophil 0.1%, neutrophil 90.4%, lymphocyte 7.3%, and monocyte 2.2%. Moreover, IgE total was 2,930 IU/ml. The patient was treated with methylprednisolon 62.5 mg intravenous and then the dose was tappered gradually. The patient improved at days 10 followed by desquamation. Conclusion: In this case, diagnosis of AGEP was based on anamnesis, physical examination, and other supporting tests. Steroid therapy resulted in satisfying improvement.Keywords: AGEP, allergic drug eruptionAbstrak: Pustulosis eksantema generalisata akut (PEGA) adalah varian erupsi alergi obat tipe berat. Erupsi PEGA biasanya terjadi tiba-tiba (satu hari setelah mengonsumsi antibiotik, rerata 11 hari pada kasus lainnya), dan disertai demam. Lesi awal berupa bercak merah yang diikuti munculnya pustul nonfolikular pada kulit yang eritematosa dan edematosa. Pemeriksaan laboratorium menunjukkan leukositosis dengan dominasi neutrofil, kadang eosinofil. Kami melaporkan kasus PEGA pada seorang perempuan, 64 tahun di daerah lengan, leher, dada, punggung, dan paha yang timbul sejak satu hari setelah mengonsumsi obat pilek. Keluhan semakin parah dengan munculnya bintil bernanah disertai demam sehari setelah mengonsumsi tetrasiklin, parasetamol, dan difenhidramin. Status dermatologik didapatkan pustul nonfolikular di atas kulit yang eritematosa, sebagian pustul diskret dan sebagian kecil berkonflues. Pemeriksaan Gram dari cairan pustul mendapatkan leukosit PMN. Pemeriksaan darah rutin memperlihatkan: leukosit 20.200/mm3. Apusan darah tepi didapatkan: eosinofil 0%, basofil 0,1%, neutrofil 90,4%, limfosit 7,3%, monosit 2,2%. Pemeriksaan IgE total 2.930 IU/ml. Pasien diterapi metilprednisolon 62,5 mg intravena, selanjutnya dosis diturunkan secara bertahap. Perbaikan pasien tampak pada hari perawatan ke-10 diikuti terjadinya deskuamasi. Simpulan: Telah dilaporkan kasus PEGA dengan diagnosis ditegakkan berdasar anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, dan penunjang. Terapi steroid menunjukkan hasil yang memuaskanKata kunci: pustulosis eksantema generalisata akut, erupsi alergi obat
Pustulosis Eksantematosa Generalisata Akut Pandaleke, Thigita A.; Pandaleke, Herry E. J.
Jurnal Biomedik : JBM Vol 9, No 3 (2017): JURNAL BIOMEDIK : JBM
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/jbm.9.3.2017.17334

Abstract

Abstract: Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a rare skin disorder commonly caused by drugs. Skin lesions can occur within 1-2 days after drug consumption in the form of sterile pustules on erythematous skin base and accompanied by fever. Mortality rate reaches 5%, especially in elderly patients who have significant comorbid factors. Etiopathogenesis is still unclear, presumed to be drugs (beta-lactam and macrolide antibiotics), although it can also be caused by infection and hypersensitivity to mercury. Incidence of AGEP approximately 1-5 million cases per year. It can occur at all ages, and more common in females than in males. The typical clinical features are non-follicular pustules erupting on erythematous skin and fever. In most cases, the skin lesions begin from the face or intertriginous areas and then within a few hours the pustules will spread to the lower trunk and limbs, accompanied by mild burning and minimal itching complaints. Histopathology provides an overview of sub-corneal spongiform and or intraepidermal pustules which are often accompanied by edema of the dermal papilla and perivascular neutrophil infiltration along with exocytosis of eosinophils. The management of AGEP is to stop the suspected drugs, continued with symptomatic therapy. Prognosis PEGA is generally good, unless secondary infection is present.Keywords: AGEP, sterile pustulesAbstrak: Pustulosis eksantematosa generalisata akut (PEGA) merupakan kelainan kulit langka yang umumnya disebabkan oleh obat. Lesi kulit dapat timbul dalam 1-2 hari setelah mengonsumsi obat berupa pustul steril di atas dasar kulit yang eritematosa dan disertai dengan keluhan sistemik berupa demam. Angka kematian akibat PEGA mencapai 5% terutama pada pasien usia lanjut dengan faktor komorbid yang jelas. Etiopatogenesis PEGA belum jelas, diduga obat (antibiotik golongan beta laktam dan makrolid), meskipun juga dapat diakibatkan oleh infeksi dan hipersensitivitas terhadap merkuri. Insiden terjadinya PEGA kurang lebih 1-5 juta kasus pertahun, dapat terjadi pada semua usia, dan lebih banyak ditemukan pada perempuan dibandingkan laki-laki. Gambaran klinis khas PEGA ialah pustul-pustul non-folikular yang timbul diatas kulit yang eritematosa dan disertai demam. Pada kebanyakan kasus keluhan kulit diawali dari area wajah atau lipatan kemudian dalam beberapa jam pustul akan menyebar ke trunkus dan ekstremitas bagian bawah, kadang disertai rasa terbakar ringan dan gatal minimal. Gambaran histopatologik menunjukkan pustul spongiformis subkorneal dan atau pustul intraepidermal disertai dengan edema pada papila dermis dan infiltrasi neutrofil perivaskular bersamaan dengan eksositosis eosinofil. Penatalaksanaan PEGA ialah menghentikan obat yang dicurigai, dilanjutkan dengan terapi simptomatik. Prognosis umumnya baik dan dapat sembuh sendiri, kecuali bila terdapat infeksi sekunder.Kata kunci: PEGA, pustul steril
Terapi Hipotermia Ringan Menurunkan Kadar Protein MMP-9 dan Memperbaiki FOUR Score pada Cedera Otak Traumatik Risiko Tinggi ., Hendra; Wijaya, Halim; Prasetyo, Eko; Oley, Maximillian Ch.
Jurnal Biomedik : JBM Vol 9, No 3 (2017): JURNAL BIOMEDIK : JBM
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/jbm.9.3.2017.17343

Abstract

Abstract: In this study, patients with high risk traumatic brain injury (TBI) were treated with mild therapeutic hypothermia and their serum MMP-9 levels as well as neurological outcome were evaluated. This was an experimental analytical study conducted at Intensive Care Unit Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado. The results showed that there were 20 patients with high risk TBI (the FOUR score <7) prospective randomly assigned to mild therapeutic hypothermia and control groups. Patients were evaluated at the time of admission and after 72 hours. The serum MMP-9 level was examined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the clinical outcome was evaluated by using the FOUR score. Levels of the variables were compared between the two groups. In the hypothermia group, level of serum MMP-9 was decreased (P > 0.05) after 72 hours and there was a significant improvement of the FOUR score (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Mild therapeutic hypothermia could reduce serum MMP-9 level and significantly improve the neurological outcome after 72 hours.Keyword: mild hypothermia, MMP-9, FOUR scoreAbstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap penderita cedera otak akibat trauma (COT) risiko tinggi yang diberi perlakuan hipotermia ringan (HPTr) dengan mengevaluasi kadar MMP-9 serum dan hasil klinis yang dinilai melalui skor FOUR. Jenis penelitian ini ialah eksperimental analitik. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Intensive Care Unit (ICU) RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Terdapat total 20 pasien dengan COT risiko tinggi (skor FOUR <7) yang secara random dibagi dalam kelompok kontrol dan kelompok HPTr. Pasien dinilai saat masuk dan setelah 72 jam kemudian. Kadar MMP-9 serum dinilai menggunakan enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Perbedaan level dari kedua variabel ini dibandingkan pada kedua kelompok. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pada kelompok perlakuan HPTr, kadar MMP-9 serum berkurang setelah 72 jam walaupun tidak bermakna (P > 0,05) dan terdapat peningkatan skor FOUR secara bermakna (P < 0,05). Simpulan: Perlakuan hipotermi ringan dapat menurunkan kadar MMP-9 serum dan memberikan peningkatan hasil klinis melalui penilaian skor FOUR setelah 72 jam kemudian.Kata kunci: hipotermi ringan, MMP-9, FOUR score
Pemberian Ekstrak Floret Pisang Raja (Musa x paradisiaca) Mencegah Penurunan Kadar Superoksida Dismutase (SOD) pada Hati Mencit (Mus musculus) BALB/c dengan Aktivitas Fisik Berlebih Irtanto, Okky; Pangkahila, Alex; Aman, IGM
Jurnal Biomedik : JBM Vol 9, No 3 (2017): JURNAL BIOMEDIK : JBM
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/jbm.9.3.2017.17338

Abstract

Abstract: Overtraining accelerates aging due to the excessive production of free radicals that can cause oxidative stress. Banana floret extract contains bioactive compounds with antioxidant capacity which can increase the body's defence to deal with the oxidative stress by increasing the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD). This study was aimed to prove that the banana (Musa x paradisiaca) floret extract could prevent the decrease of superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in overtraining-induced mice (Mus musculus) BALB/c liver. This was a true experimental study with the post-test only control group design. Subjects were 36 male mice (Mus musculus), BALB/c strain, 12 weeks old, weighing 20-22 g, which were divided into two groups with 18 mice each. The control group (P0) was treated with a placebo of 1 ml aquadest and overtrained for 14 days meanwhile the treatment group (P1) was treated with banana (Musa x paradisiaca) floret extract of 400 mg/kgBW/day and overtrained for 14 days. The results showed that after 14-day treatment, the mean SOD level in the liver tissue of the P0 group was 568.82±9.558 U/mg protein whereas in the P1 group was 588.37±10.629 U/mg protein (P < 0.01). The t-independent test showed a t value of -5.804 and a P value of 0.000 which indicated that after treatment, the levels of SOD in liver tissue of both groups were significantly different. Conclusion: Banana (Musa x paradisiaca) floret extract could prevent the decrease of superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in the liver tissue of overtraining-induced mice (Mus musculus) BALB/c.Keywords: banana floret, SOD, liver, overtrainingAbstrak: Aktivitas fisik berlebih mempercepat penuaan karena meningkatkan produksi radikal bebas yang dapat menyebabkan stres oksidatif. Ekstrak floret pisang mengandung senyawa bioaktif dengan kapasitas antioksidan yang dapat meningkatkan pertahanan tubuh dalam menghadapi stres oksidatif melalui peningkatan kadar superoksida dismutase (SOD). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa pemberian ekstrak floret pisang raja (Musa x paradisiaca) dapat mencegah penurunan kadar SOD pada hati mencit (Mus musculus) BALB/c dengan aktivitas fisik berlebih. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental murni dengan post test only control group design. Subjek penelitian ialah 36 ekor mencit (Mus Musculus) BALB/c, jantan, berumur 12 minggu, berat badan 20-22 gr, yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok masing-masing berjumlah 18 ekor mencit. Kelompok kontrol (P0) diberikan plasebo berupa aquadest sebanyak 1 ml dengan aktivitas fisik berlebih selama 14 hari, dan kelompok perlakuan (P1) diberikan ekstrak floret pisang raja (Musa x paradisiaca) dosis 400 mg/kgBB mencit per hari dicampur aquadest hingga 1 ml dengan aktivitas fisik berlebih selama 14 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata kadar SOD jaringan hati pada kelompok kontrol (P0) sesudah perlakuan (post-test) ialah 568,82±9,558 U/mg protein, sedangkan pada kelompok perlakuan (P1) ialah 588,37± 10,629 U/mg protein. Analisis kemaknaan dengan T-Independent mendapatkan nilai t= -5,804 dan nilai P = 0,000 yang menunjukkan bahwa sesudah perlakuan (post-test), kadar SOD jaringan hati pada kedua kelompok berbeda sangat bermakna. Simpulan: Ekstrak floret pisang raja (Musa x paradisiaca) dapat mencegah penurunan kadar SOD pada hati mencit (Mus musculus) BALB/c dengan aktivitas fisik berlebih.Kata kunci: floret pisang raja, SOD, hati, aktivitas fisik berlebih
PERBANDINGAN PENYEMBUHAN LUKA INSISI MENGGUNAKAN PISAU BEDAH DAN PISAU ELEKTROKAUTER DINILAI DENGAN VANCOUVER SCAR SCORE PADA OPERASI LUKA BERSIH Mitaart, Diadon; Hatibie, Mendy; Noersasongko, Djarot
JURNAL BIOMEDIK : JBM Vol 9, No 3 (2017): JURNAL BIOMEDIK : JBM
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/jbm.9.3.2017.17342

Abstract

Abstract: Skin incision is usually performed by using a scalpel. It is assumed that electrocautery knife, a more recent alternative, can increase the risk of infection, impair healing, and result in poor cosmetic scar. This study was aimed to compare the healing process of incision wounds performed by using sclapels and electrocautery knives assessed with Vancouver Scar Score (VSS) at three months after operation. This was an experimental study. Subjects were 17 male patients, aged 18-55 years old, with elective operation (categorized as clean wound operation) from March through June 2016 at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. Each incision was performed with a scalpel first (Group A) and continued with an electrocautery knife (Group B). After 3 months of operation, the wound scars were assessed with VSS. The Wilcoxon signed ranks test showed no significant difference between the VSS of the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: There was no difference in wound healing of incised wounds performed by using scalpels and by using electrocautery knives.Keywords: VSS, electrocautery, wound healing, scarAbstrak: Insisi kulit biasanya dilakukan dengan menggunakan pisau bedah. Peralatan elektrokauter merupakan alternatif baru yang dianggap meningkatkan risiko infeksi, memperlambat penyembuhan, dengan hasil secara kosmetik yang buruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan proses penyembuhan dari luka insisi menggunakan pisau bedah dan pisau elektrokauter yang dinilai dengan Vancouver Scar Score (VSS) pada operasi dengan luka bersih. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental. Penelitian dilakukan selama periode Maret 2016 s/d Juni 2016 pada 17 orang pasien berjenis kelamin laki-laki, berusia 18-55 tahun yang memerlukan operasi elektif di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado dan dikategorikan operasi dengan luka bersih. Setiap insisi selalu dilakukan terlebih dahulu dengan pisau bedah (kelompok A) dan sisanya dilakukan dengan pisau elektrokauter (kelompok B), kemudian luka dinilai dengan VSS setelah 3 bulan kemudian. Hasil uji Wilcoxon signed ranks terhadap hasil VSS saat 3 bulan setelah operasi memperlihatkan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara hasil perlakuan A dan B (P > 0,05). Simpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan dalam penyembuhan dari kedua bagian luka insisi yang menggunakan pisau bedah dan pisau elektrokauter pada operasi dengan luka bersih.Kata kunci: VSS, elektrokauter, penyembuhan luka, jaringan parut
PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK DAUN GANDARUSA (JUSTICIA GENDARUSSA BURM. F.) MENURUNKAN KADAR F2-ISOPROSTAN URIN TIKUS WISTAR (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) JANTAN YANG DIINDUKSI LATIHAN FISIK BERLEBIH Akpriyanti, DG Ika; Pangkahila, Wimpie; Aman, IGM
JURNAL BIOMEDIK : JBM Vol 9, No 3 (2017): JURNAL BIOMEDIK : JBM
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/jbm.9.3.2017.17337

Abstract

Abstract: Excessive physical activity increases the consumption of oxygen which can result in increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing oxidative stress characterized by the elevation of F2-isoprostane as a byproduct of lipid peroxidation. Willow (Justicia gendarussa Burm. f.) has an antioxidant activity that is able to inhibit and break the chain reaction of free radicals and prevent lipid peroxidation. This study was aimed to prove that willow leaf extract could inhibit the elevation of F2-isoprostane levels in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) urin induced by excessive physical training. This was a true experimental study using 16 male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), aged 2-3 months, weighing 180-200 g as subjects. The control group (P0) was treated with a placebo and excessive physical training, and the treatment group (P1) was treated with the willow leaf extract of 200mg/rat/day and excessive physical training. Before and after 14 days of treatment, the urine samples were collected and their levels of F2-isoprostane 8-isoPGF2? were examined by using enzyme immunoassay kit (EIA). The results showed that the mean level of F2-isoprostane in the control group (P0) before treatment (pretest) was 5.20±0.483 ng / mL while in the treatment group (P1) was 5.46±0.655 ng / mL (P > 0.05). On the other hand, after treatment for 7 days (post-test), the mean level of F2-isoprostane in the control group (P0) was 5.34±0.476 ng/mL and in the treatment group (P1) was 3.61±0.389 ng/mL (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The extract of willow (Justicia gendarussa Burm. f.) leaf could inhibit the elevation of F2-isoprostane levels in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) urin induced by excessive physical training.Keywords: willow leaf, F2-isoprostane, excessive physical trainingAbstrak: Aktivitas fisik berlebih akan meningkatkan komsumsi oksigen yang dapat mengakibatkan peningkatan kadar reactive oxygen species (ROS) sehingga menyebabkan stres oksidatif yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya F2-isoprostan sebagai salah satu produk peroksidasi lipid. Tanaman gandarusa (Justicia gendarussa Burm. f.) mengandung antioksidan yang dapat mencegah reaksi peroksidasi lipid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa pemberian ekstrak daun gandarusa dapat menurunkan kadar F2-isoprostan urin tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) jantan yang diinduksi latihan fisik berlebih. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental dengan subjek 16 ekor tikus (Rattus norvegicus), galur Wistar, sehat, berumur 6 bulan, berat badan 180-200 gr, dengan kadar F2-isoprostan >2ng/mL. Kelompok kontrol (P0) diberikan pelatihan fisik berlebih dan plasebo aquadest 2ml sedangkan kelompok perlakuan (P1) diberikan pelatihan fisik berlebih dan ekstrak daun gandarusa dosis 200mg/ekor/hari. Sebelum dan setelah 14 hari perlakuan, sampel urin ditampung dan diperiksa kadar F2-isoprostan menggunakan 8-isoPGF2? enzyme immunoassay kit (EIA) dari assay design untuk data pretest dan post-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata kadar F2-isoprostan pada kelompok P0 sebelum perlakuan (pretest) ialah 5,20±0,483 ng/mL, sedangkan pada kelompokP1 ialah 5,46±0,655 ng/mL (P > 0,05). Setelah perlakuan selama 14 hari (post-test), rerata kadar F2-isoprostan pada kelompok P0 ialah 5,34±0,476 ng/mL dan pada kelompok P1 ialah 3,61±0,389 ng/mL (P < 0,01). Simpulan: Ekstrak daun gandarusa (Justicia gendarussa burm. f.) dapat menurunkan kadar F2-isoprostan urin tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) jantan yang diinduksi latihan fisik berlebih.Kata kunci: daun gandarusa, F2-isoprostan, pelatihan fisik berlebih
Onikomikosis Kandida yang Diterapi dengan Itrakonazol Dosis Denyut Mamuaja, Enricco H.; Susanti, Ratna I.; Suling, Pieter L.; Kapantow, Grace M.
Jurnal Biomedik : JBM Vol 9, No 3 (2017): JURNAL BIOMEDIK : JBM
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/jbm.9.3.2017.17340

Abstract

Abstract: Candidiasis onychomycosis is a nail disorder caused by candida spp. as the most common cause in Indonesia. The first line therapy for this case is pulse dosing of itraconazole (2x200 mg/day for 7 days with 3-week interval); 2 pulse doses for finger nails and 3-4 pulse doses for toe nails. We reported a male of 60 years old with nail destruction and thickening of the thumb and ring finger of the right hand since six months ago. In the beginning, the nails appeared dull and then became yellowish, thickened, and brittled. Dermatology examination of the 1st and 4th finger of the right hand showed onycholysis, onychodistrophy, subungual hyperkeratosis, and yellowish discoloration. KOH 20% test found no long hypha with septa. Moreover, Gram staining showed no spora, budding cell, or pseudohypha. Repeated ten-day culture resulted in Candida parapsilosis. The treatment was succeded with two doses of itraconazole 2x200 mg for 7 days, with interval of 3 weeks. In this case, candidiasis onychomycosis was invasive in nails with onycholysis which looked like distal subungual onychomycosis. The growth of candida colony was fully spread in the Petri disk in 10 days, therefore, dermatophyte infection could not be excluded. Conclusion: Pulse therapy with two-dose itraconazole succedeed in the treatment of candidiasis onychomycosis of the finger nails.Kata kunci: candidiasis onychomycosis, Candida parapsilosis, itraconazole pulse therapyAbstrak: Onikomikosis kandida adalah kelainan kuku akibat infeksi candida spp. yang merupakan penyebab terbanyak di Indonesia. Penatalaksanaan utama ialah itrakonazol dosis denyut (2x200 mg/hari selama 7 hari, istirahat 3 minggu) sebanyak 2 denyut untuk kuku tangan dan 3-4 denyut untuk kuku kaki. Kami melaporkan kasus seorang laki-laki 60 tahun dengan kerusakan dan penebalan kuku ibu jari dan jari manis tangan kanan sejak sekitar 6 bulan. Awalnya kuku berwarna putih suram kemudian berubah menjadi kekuningan, menebal dan rusak. Status dermatologikus memperlihatkan kuku jari I dan jari IV tangan kanan terdapat onikolisis, onikodistrofi, hiperkeratosis subungual, dan diskolorasi kekuningan. Pada pemeriksaan KOH 20% tidak ditemukan hifa panjang bersepta; pemeriksaan Gram tidak ditemukan spora, budding cell, dan pseudohifa. Hasil biakan berulang selama 10 hari ditemukan Candida parapsilosis. Terapi berhasil dengan pemberian itrakonazol 2x200 mg selama 7 hari, istirahat 3 minggu, sebanyak 2 denyut. Onikomikosis kandida pada kasus ini tergolong invasif pada kuku yang sudah onikolisis, menyerupai onikomikosis subungual distal. Pertumbuhan koloni kandida yang cepat memenuhi cawan menyebabkan lamanya kultur hanya 10 hari sehingga kemungkinan adanya infeksi dermatofita belum dapat disingkirkan. Simpulan: Terapi itrakonazol sebanyak 2 dosis denyut memperlihatkan keberhasilan pada onikomikosis candida di jari tangan.Kata kunci: onikomikosis kandida, Candida parapsilosis, itrakonazol dosis denyut
Amenorea Sekunder: Tinjauan dan Diagnosis Suparman, Erna; Suparman, Eddy
Jurnal Biomedik : JBM Vol 9, No 3 (2017): JURNAL BIOMEDIK : JBM
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/jbm.9.3.2017.17335

Abstract

Abstract: Secondary amenorrhea occurs when a woman in reproductive age who has experienced menstruation, at a sudden stops menstruating for at least three consecutive months. The basic principle underlying the physiology of menstrual function is composed of multiple organ systems with their appropriate compartments in which the menstrual cycle depends on, as follows: compartment I, disorders of the uterus; compartment II, disorders of the ovary; compartment III, disorders of the anterior pituitary; and compartment IV, disorders of the central nervous system (hypothalamus). Finding the cause of secondary amenorrhoea can be done by doing some tests or trials. Determination of the location of the specific anatomical defect is useful to obtain appropriate treatment according to the cause of amenorrhea.Keywords: secondary amenorrhoeaAbstrak: Dikatakan amenorea sekunder bila seorang wanita usia reproduktif yang pernah mengalami haid, tiba-tiba haidnya berhenti untuk sedikitnya 3 bulan berturut-turut. Prinsip dasar yang mendasari fisiologi dari fungsi menstruasi memungkinkan penyusunan beberapa sistem kompartemen yang tepat di mana siklus menstruasi bergantung, yaitu: kompartemen I gangguan pada uterus, kompartemen II gangguan pada ovarium, kompartemen III gangguan pada hipofisis anterior, dan kompartemen IV gangguan pada sistem saraf pusat (hipotalamus). Gangguan ini sering berhubungan dengan keadaan stres (wanita pengungsi, dipenjara, hidup dalam ketakutan), atlit wanita, atau anoreksia nervosa dan bulimia. Mencari penyebab amenorea dapat diperoleh dengan melakukan beberapa uji atau percobaan. Penentuan lokasi defek anatomis spesifik sangat bermanfaat untuk mendapatkan penanganan yang sesuai dengan penyebab amenore.Kata kunci: amenorea sekunder
Pemberian Bisphenol A (BPA) Oral Menurunkan Kadar Superoksida Dismutase dan Meningkatkan Kadar F2-isoprostan pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Jantan Galur Sprague Dawley Sulaiman, Yogie; Aman, IGM; Pangkahila, Wimpie
Jurnal Biomedik : JBM Vol 9, No 3 (2017): JURNAL BIOMEDIK : JBM
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/jbm.9.3.2017.17336

Abstract

Abstract: Bisphenol A (BPA), commonly found in plastic packaging and cans, can induce oxidative stress. This study was aimed to prove that oral BPA could decrease superoxide dismutase (SOD) and increase F2-isoprostan levels in male Sprague Dawley rats. This was an experimental study using randomized pretest-posttest control group design. There were 14 rats (Rattus norvegicus), male, Sprague Dawley strain, 8-10 weeks old, as subjects. Rats were divided into two groups with 7 rats each. The control group (P0) was treated with placebo for 21 days and the treatment group (P1) was treated with oral BPA dose of 400mg/kg for 21 days. Before and after treatment for 21 days, blood was drained through the canthus medial sinus orbital and urine was collected as pretest and posttest data. SOD and F2-isoprostan levels were then examined by using ELISA. The results showed that before treatment (pretest), the mean SOD level in P0 group was 42.51±3.127 U/mL and in P1 group was 41.87±2.477 U/mL (P > 0.05). The mean F2-isoprostane level in P0 group was 3.18±0.599 ng/ml and in P1 group was 3.22±0.489 ng/ml (P > 0.05). However, after treatment for 21 days (posttest), the mean level of SOD in P0 group was 43.52±3.472 U/mL and in P1 group was 31.84±2.563 U/mL (P <0.01). The mean level of F2-isoprostane in P0 group was 2.94±0.500 ng/ml and in P1 group was 4.47±0.241 ng/ml (P < 0.01). The analysis of the treatment effect showed significant decreased level of SOD and increased level of F2-isoprostane in P1 group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Oral bisphenol A could decrease superoxide dismutase (SOD) and increase F2-isoprostan levels in male Sprague dawley rats.Keywords: bisphenol A (BPA), SOD, F2-isoprostane, Sprague Dawley ratsAbstrak: Bisphenol A (BPA) banyak ditemukan dalam kemasan plastik dan kaleng dan dapat menyebabkan peningkatan radikal bebas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pemberian BPA oral dapat menurunkan kadar superoksida dismutase (SOD) dan meningkatkan kadar F2-isoprostan pada tikus (Rattus norvegicus) jantan galur Sprague Dawley. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental dengan randomized pretest-postest control group design yang menggunakan 14 ekor tikus (Rattus norvegicus) jantan, galur Sprague Dawley, berumur 8-10 minggu, yang terbagi menjadi 2 (dua) kelompok masing-masing berjumlah 7 ekor tikus. Kelompok kontrol (P0) diberikan plasebo selama 21 hari dan kelompok perlakuan (P1) diberikan BPA dosis 400mg/kgBB selama 21 hari. Sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan selama 21 hari, darah diambil melalui chantus medial orbitalis dan urin dikumpulkan untuk pemeriksaan pretest dan postest. Kadar SOD dan F2-isoprostan diperiksa dengan metode ELISA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebelum perlakuan (pretest), rerata kadar SOD kelompok P0 42,51±3,127 U/mL dan kelompok P1 41,87±2,477 U/mL (P > 0,05). Rerata kadar F2-isoprostan kelompok P0 3,18±0,599 ng/ml dan kelompok P1 3,22±0,489 ng/ml (P > 0,05). Setelah perlakuan selama 21 hari (posttest), rerata kadar SOD kelompok P0 43,52±3,472 U/mL dan kelompok P1 31,84±2,563 U/mL (P < 0,01). Rerata kadar F2-isoprostan kelompok P0 2,94±0,500 ng/ml dan kelompok P1 4,47±0,241 ng/ml (P < 0,01). Analisis efek perlakuan menunjukkan terjadi penurunan kadar SOD dan peningkatan kadar F2-isoprostan yang bermakna pada kelompok P1 (P < 0,01). Simpulan: Bisphenol A oral dapat menurunkan kadar superoksida dismutase dan meningkatkan kadar F2-isoprostan pada tikus galur Sprague Dawley jantan.Kata kunci: BPA, SOD, F2-Isoprostan, tikus Sprague Dawley
Besaran Neutrofil dan Kadar C-reactive Protein sebagai Faktor Prognostik Multi Organ Failure pada Pasien Multi-trauma ., Candy; Sapan, Heber B.; Kalesaran, Laurens T. B.; Kalitouw, Ferry
Jurnal Biomedik : JBM Vol 9, No 3 (2017): JURNAL BIOMEDIK : JBM
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/jbm.9.3.2017.17341

Abstract

Abstract: Trauma is the leading cause of death among people under 50 years old worldwide. Severe trauma will trigger systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) which can worsen into multiple organ failure MOF). This study was aimed to evaluate whether there was a correlation between neutrophil count and C reactive protein concentration in multi-traumatic patients and whether both variables could become predictors of the occurence of MOF. This was a correlation study with a cross sectional design. There were 71 multitraumatic patients enrolled in this study, obtained from Surgery Emergency Unit of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado; 31 of them were associated with SIRS, MODS, and MOF. The regression analysis showed that the higher the neutrophil count was, the greater the chance of the patient to suffer from MOF (P < 0.001), as well as the higher the CRP concentration, the greater the chance of the patient to suffer from MOF (P < 0.001). The cut-off point of neutrophil to MOF was 17121.7 and the specifity was higher than the sensitivity. Morover, the cut-off point of CRP to MOF was 169.7 and the specifity was higher than the sensitivity. Conclusion: There were significant correlations between the neutrophil count and MOF as well as between CRP concentration and MOF. Neutrophil count and CRP concentration could become predictors of the occurence of MOF and were significant in sensitivity and specifity in acute multi-traumatic patients.Keywords: multiple trauma, MOF, neutrophil, CRPAbstrak: Trauma merupakan penyebab kematian nomor satu pada orang berusia kurang dari 50 tahun. Trauma berat akan memicu timbulnya respons inflamasi sistemik berat (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, SIRS) yang dapat memburuk menjadi kegagalan multi-organ. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya korelasi antara besaran neutrofil dan kadar CRP pada pasien multi-trauma, dan apakah keduanya dapat digunakan sebagai faktor prediktor dalam mendeteksi terjadinya multi-organ failure (MOF). Jenis penelitian ialah korelasi dengan desain potong lintang. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 71 pasien multi-trauma yang dirawat di Instalasi Gawat Darurat Bedah RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado; 31 di antaranya disertai SIRS, MODS dan MOF. Hasil analisis regresi menyatakan bahwa makin tinggi besaran neutrofil maka makin besar peluang pasien untuk terjadi MOF (P < 0,001), dan makin tinggi CRP maka makin besar peluang pasien untuk terjadi MOF (P < 0,001). Cut-off point neutrofil terhadap MOF ialah 17121,7 dengan nilai spesifisitas lebih besar dari sensitivitas sedangkan cut-off point CRP terhadap MOF ialah 169,7 dengan nilai spesifisitas lebih besar dari sensitivitas. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara besaran neutrofil dan MOF serta antara CRP dan MOF. Besaran neutrofil dan CRP merupakan prediktor terjadinya MOF yang mempunyai signifikansi dalam sensitivitas dan spesifisitas pada pasien dengan multi- trauma akut.Kata kunci: multi-trauma, MOF, neutrofil, CRP

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